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Monday,
December 24, 2001, Chandigarh, India   |
Tasks before Karzai regime UTI unmasked |
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Is India really a soft state?
A lesson in adulthood
India’s own war against terror
2001 set to be second warmest year ever
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Tasks before Karzai regime This is the beginning of a new era in war-torn Afghanistan. After over two decades of the rule of the gun and uncertainty, there is hope for lasting peace. It is not only the people of that country who have great expectations from the interim administration headed by the 44-year-old Hamid Karzai. The
international community too will be watching closely the functioning of the new regime installed on Saturday after the Taliban's repressive rule became history. The Karzai-led set-up in Kabul has certain clear-cut tasks before it. On top of the agenda is the maintenance of law and order, as Mr Karzai declared a little before being sworn in as head of the new regime. This is the most difficult challenge in a country known for its local warlords who refuse to behave unless the government proves that it means business. They had been lying low during Taliban rule because of the discredited militia's ruthless style of functioning. Reports say that these elements have begun raising their head again. They will have to be told in a firm manner that any violation of the law of the land will invite severe punishment. Laxity on this score may nullify the gains of the Karzai administration in other areas. One appreciable step that is going to be taken immediately is that those possessing weapons will be asked to deposit the arms with the police. Henceforth people should be allowed to carry only licensed weapons in accordance with their requirements. This may go a long way in establishing peace in new Afghanistan. The second major task is how to engage people in constructive activities to keep them away from the influence of destructive forces, which may get active in a clandestine way. Almost the entire country has been reduced to rubble by the American bombing, aimed at destroying the Taliban militia and Osama bin Laden's Al Qaeda network. Mr Karzai will require enormous funds for reconstruction projects, which will also help provide the much-needed job opportunities to the impoverished people. The international community should not let Mr Karzai down as it has a stake in his success. The new government's failure to come to the expectations of the Afghans may go in favour of the forces of destabilisation. Ensuring enough food supply and providing adequate shelter to the displaced people will have a direct impact on the efforts to establish peace in both rural and urban areas. The third tricky problem is taking care of tribal interests. Though the Pashtuns constituting the majority (38 per cent) find less representation than the Tajiks ( with a 25 per cent ethnic presence), the former are unlikely to feel upset because one of their tribal chiefs, Mr Karzai, will be presiding over the new political dispensation. But there are certain disgruntled tribal chiefs whose activities will have to be watched carefully. They are Uzbek warlord Abdur Rashid Dostum and Hizbe Islami chief Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. The former has been part of the Northern Alliance but remains sidelined. Mr Dostum's following in Mazar-e-Sharief is no secret as is his capacity to create trouble. Mr Hekmatyar, a Pashtun, has his own areas of influence, but Mr Dostum should be given top priority when Mr Karzai finds time to concentrate on the demands of those who gave strength to the Alliance which fought a tough battle to oust the well-entrenched Taliban, of course with aerial support from the US-led anti-terrorism coalition. Mr Burhanuddin Rabbani, who has guided the Alliance so far but finds no role in the Karzai administration, appears to have accepted the fait accompli in the interest of peace. His conduct deserves appreciation. |
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UTI unmasked It is a devastating indictment of the UTI but the shocked investors or the Finance Ministry will not benefit from it. The three-member S.S.Tarapore Committee says in its report that the country’s biggest mutual fund went on pumping in crores of rupees in companies that were unviable, losing money and accumulating losses. Simply put, they were in the growing list of non-performing assets, all bad debts. On the top of the list is Ruias Essar Limited which sought and secured Rs 1,200 crore even though the earlier investments and provisioning (promising loans) have turned out to be dead. There are 20 more such cases and it cannot all be bad judgements, something inherent in financial decisions. Take two other developments. Immediately after the July 1 bombshell development (the UTI suspending the redemption of US-64 for six months) two directors were suspended and chairman Subrahmaniam was forced to resign. The Finance Ministry ordered a wide-ranging enquiry by a three-member committee headed by former RBI Deputy Governor S.S. Tarapore to specifically look into past investment decisions and suggest the ways to improve them. The most meaningful indication was to nominate Mr R.K.Raghavan on the committee; he is no financial expert but a retired CBI Director, dealing in high-level crimes. Obviously, the government smelt a dirty plot in the wayward investment and wanted a thorough investigation. The report presented to the joint parliamentary committee does not contain any information on insider trading or price fixing. This is about the published part. The unpublished should contain juicy bits. The details of the Tarapore committee report throws several hints that the UTI has wittingly or unwittingly colluded with industrial units to loosen its purse strings, knowing that it was a risky operation. Why were two directors suspended immediately after the July 1 bombshell and why was the chairman sacked? All this links up and the government should offer a convincing answer since more than two crore of retail investors are involved as are their lifetime savings and future income. The government has before it four reports – by Mr Voghul, Mr Deepak Parikh, Mr Malegam and now Mr Tarapore – and the need is to act on them. The UTI is too important for the retired middle class to be left to callous bureaucrats. Finance Minister Sinha should step in vigorously as he did when he set up the Tarapore Committee. |
Is India really a soft state? Doubtless, December 13 took us all by surprise. The glorious sandstone structure of our Parliament House had never before witnessed this kind of an attack. We lost nine of our heroes. We escaped, thanks to their sacrifice, more bitterness and sorrow. The question everyone has been asking is: will we go on being hit like this? Is there a way of giving the terrorists and their patrons a bloody nose so that they dare not repeat acts like these? This is what is being discussed widely in the country now more than what happened on that fateful day. Bomb blasts and shootings do not cause too much surprise. Because we have become used to them. We have been living with this for years but no one had imagined that Parliament of India would ever be targeted in the way it was this December. Yet it was. It came as a gruesome shock. In almost one voice praise rightly flowed for the men and a woman, some with weapons, some without, taken by surprise by fake uniforms and false passes on the windshield, who saved our leaders. But words of caution have come to draw our attention to other concerns. As the former Chief of Army Staff who served Kashmir as Governor, Gen K.V. Krishna Rao, has said, “Just because no MP or VVIP was hurt or killed, we need not pat ourselves on the back or heave a sigh of relief.” This is something that has escaped our policy-planners and commentators. Consider the case that if instead of the nine security men, nine political leaders or nine ministers, had been killed, would there have been the same kind of an air of self-congratulation? The main question is how it is that five terrorists managed to get into Parliament House. Whom they killed or who were saved is beside the point. The danger is that the terrorists reached one of the most protected edifices of the Indian state. This is the issue to which we must devote all our energy and planning. “It is a shame that such a thing could happen,” said General Krishna Rao. Because of the common theme and the cause of action, the attack on Parliament House is being compared to the attack on the World Trade Center in New York on September 11. If nobody of great or world-wide authority was killed on September 11, it does not minimise the atrocity that was committed. In Kashmir itself killings have continued even after December 13. They will continue if we do not take correct diplomatic and security action. People ask what the government would do now. They do not have to look far. They have seen what the USA did. President Bush got the world, including the Taliban supporter and originator, that is Pakistan, behind him. When he started the war, he made all democratic nations commit themselves to it. There were fears that America might get involved in a Vietnam type of a situation with thousands of its soldiers getting caught in an endless war. But America and the allied soldiers suffered minimum damage. Yet, they have by and large fulfilled their purpose. At the time of writing this, all that America wants more is to get at Osama bin Laden. The question is whether India will be able to achieve something like this. Like in the Afghan war, India’s objectives are clear: to smash the centres where the militants are trained and then sent them across. The debate over the years has been why India has not been able to stop the infiltration and why it is that militants come from Pakistan and strike at their will. The government must find an answer. Some of the past instances have not been happy. The situation arising out of the hijacking of the Indian Airlines plane from Kathmandu was not well handled. The way the aircraft was allowed to take off from Amritsar to fly to Kandahar created grave misgivings. When that happened doubts were raised that of course India was incapable of bringing off what Israel had once done in similar circumstances. The worst phase came when the country’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Mr Jaswant Singh, flew the militants to Kandahar. This is when jibes were thrown that India after all was a soft state. Now it is said that one of them was a culprit at Parliament House. When militants keep on crossing the passes and join forces which create terror in parts of India, people naturally ask when this will end. They see what Israel is doing to Palestinians (which is not to justify the Israeli action) but it speaks of the nerve the Israelis are showing. The question being asked is : do we have the nerve to take such actions. The assault on Parliament House brought forth the argument in sharper focus. If India does not do anything beyond the routine, the people say that we don’t have the nerve or the means or the ability to do it. This debate reached a crescendo by General Musharraf’s “warning” not to take any “precipitate” action. The way he says it may be all right for his audience in his own country, but here in India it conveys a warning” that the people find hard to stomach. That is where the people start wondering why India does not take a hard measure (whatever that might mean) to meet such situations. True, India should not be adventurist and start a war just because something very tortuous has taken place. The American case was different. It had to fight far away from its borders. In the case of India General Musharraf, if only to keep his job, would even wage a war, even a nuclear war. India has to consider that this could happen if it decides to strike at the training centres in Pakistan. We must also know that India fighting Pakistan is different from the USA combating the Talibanised Afghanistan. India has to be careful. At the same time the world must know that it cannot take India lightly. Look at the way the US Secretary of State, Gen Colin Powell, has reacted. He should have been more careful of India’s concerns and sentiments. He has reinforced the earlier impression that America was concerned only when terrorism hits it and not when others are affected. He has asked India to desist from military response to Pakistani terrorism and has gone on to give a certificate to General Musharraf that he was “taking action against two organisations that have been tentatively identified as the ones which might have been responsible for this.” Did he not have any advice to give to Pakistan? Did the other countries ask the USA what evidence it had collected against bin Laden? To this day it has not furnished what it has in concrete against him. Gen Colin Powell gave the advice to India because the impression is that India can be taken for granted. This is so because on September 11 India was the first to respond with support and offer of aid to America, even before it had asked for it. It was the first country in the world to support America’s new nuclear policy. This is why India gets taken for granted. Pakistan also knows this. Profiting by Gen Colin Powell’s statement and Musharraf’s warning, Pakistan went a step further. It suggested that Islamabad was prepared for a “joint impartial inquiry into the attack on Indian Parliament.” Gen Powell was only ready to endorse it. This happened when India was saying that the ISI was involved in what had happened on December 13. Despite its living in a dictatorship, somebody no doubt in Pakistan has a sense of humour! More seriously, it reminded me of the way Anglo-American buried in 1947 Jawaharlal Nehru’s complaint to the United Nations that Pakistan had invaded Kashmir. Nehru then innocently thought that the United Nations was even handed. Our faith in others has not yet ended. If Pakistan showed that even on serious occasions, it could make ridiculous suggestions of a joint inquiry, Gen Powell was all set to put salt into our wounds. Doesn’t Gen Powell need a lesson in equating India and Pakistan in a case that unfolded on December 13? India may or may not be a soft state but it conducts its policy in a way that it gets taken for granted. |
A lesson in adulthood I
was not yet 14. My father was a government doctor who got posted to a jail hospital. One of the privileges that senior officials on the staff of the jail had was that the services of a well behaved and competent prisoner were placed at his disposal. Accordingly, somebody got posted to our house. He would come at about 8 in the morning and leave around 12 O’ clock. For the four hours that he was at our disposal, he could be asked to do anything around the house. While several of them got posted to our house during the several years that father was posted to that jail, it so happened that I became very friendly with one such prisoner. He was a goldsmith by profession, as I recall. Because of the dubious conduct of his brother against whom he was very bitter, he got involved in a family squabble. At the end of it, he was sentenced to a term of imprisonment of two years. Whenever we talked on this subject he always maintained that he was innocent (on the basis of my limited experience, I’d say that perhaps half of them belonged to this category) and had been framed by his brother. Whether this was correct or not, there was no occasion to verify. At the same time the fact remains that he was bitter against his brother and the whole world. When it came to doing the duty entrusted to him, he did it exceedingly well. Above all, he was a very affable person and I spent hours talking to him. My mother strongly disapproved of my close connection with him. She even complained to father against my
misbehavior. I was duly warned but then I found his conversation extremely engaging and spent hours in his company. One of the things he told me was that his wife was permitted to see him once a month only for half an hour. He had a small boy who was about two years when he was convicted. The young child was not permitted to come for the interview. He, therefore, looked forward to seeing him only when he went back. Meanwhile, his wife would come regularly and he always felt greatly depressed after every such interview. On one such occasion, I recall, she was unwell and could not come and he felt miserable for the next several days. One day he told me that, however welcome the interview, there was a distance of six yards between him and his wife. According to prison rules there could be no physical contact between the prisoner and the interviewer lest anything be passed on to the former. This made him feel somewhat sad. “Why should there be a problem?” I said. “Let her come to our house and the two of you can sit together and have a heart to heart talk.” He looked at me with astonishment. He asked: “Do you really mean it?” I said, “Yes. I see no problem.” For the next couple of weeks he was in a state of heightened expectation. He had already informed her before she came for the interview that she should arrange to spend the night somewhere in the town and he would be able to see her again on the following day. She did not understand how this could come about. When she came for the interview, he gave her instructions how to come to our house. The next morning he himself was able to receive her. For the next couple of hours, they managed to be together. As a gesture of courtesy, mother gave them something to eat as well as to drink. However, mother asked me repeatedly how this had come about. I told her that I had suggested it on my own. In any case there was no chance of the prisoner running away and a meeting between the husband and the wife would remain a secret. My mother was not convinced by what I said and rebuked me no end. At lunch time when father came home, he was told about what had happened. My father looked at me closely but said nothing. When the lunch was over, he asked me to step out with him to the verandah outside the house. I sensed from his looks that the issue of the prisoner’s wife coming to our home was bound to come up. After a long silence of more than a minute, my father said: “Do you want me to be dismissed?” I did not understand what exactly he meant by that remark. Therefore, I asked for an elaboration of what had been said. His answer went somewhat like this: “Were someone to find out that the prisoner’s wife had had a secret meeting with her husband at the doctor’s house, I would lose my job.” “Why should that happen?” I asked. Thereupon he gave me a detailed explanation of what the rules were, how one of them had been violated and that also at the house of a senior official. After that long and elaborate explanation, I understood the enormity of what I had done and apologised for it. My father said nothing in response. However, he added: “Never again should anything of this kind ever happen again.” I got the message and promised to behave. Years later, when I had somewhat matured in my judgement of things, I could see the significance of having been treated as an adult. That he did not reproach or punish me in any way added to the importance of what had been said. But it took me almost two decades to understand it, I must say in conclusion. |
India’s own war against terror The December 13 incident in Parliament was a touch and go affair. Our representatives and ministers had a providential escape. There is much to ponder over and improve upon. The terrorists could not have embarked upon their dastardly mission in the way they did without the active help and logistical backup from subversive elements in Delhi. Isn’t it a serious failure of our espionage network? An efficient intelligence system should locate and nab a terrorist red-handed right in his house and not when he comes thundering at your doorstep, armed with lethal weapons. Without his gun, a terrorist, however deadly, is as timid as a rabbit, forlorn and lost, pitiable in his helplessness to commit rabid crimes against humanity. It is the gutless and the depraved who indulge in wanton killing of innocent people. They deserve no mercy and need to be paid back in their own coin. S.C.KAPOOR,
Noida No soft option The terrorists have no fixed constituency. They can attack anywhere, everywhere and at any time. When India had extended wholehearted support to the USA after the Sept 11 attack, it is quite natural for the former to expect reciprocity from the latter after the Dec 13 attack. It is time Indians belonging to different religions and faiths and our political leaders speak in one voice and stood behind the Vajpayee Government in this hour of grave situation confronting the security of the country. Terrorism has taken an ugly shape globally, and has to be crushed globally. All the peace-loving countries should join hands together to root out this menace with all their might. There are no soft options for hard decisions. And we earnestly hope that the Indian Government will act in the right direction, and forthwith. Dr JANAK RAJ JAI,
New Delhi Striking at will Our biggest handicap is our soft-state image. The terrorists have foreknowledge of this. That is why, they strike at will. The country in the face of terrorism ought not be complacent. Many a time in the past, our complacency has cost us dearly. In his edit “At stake is the nation’s honour” (Dec 14), Mr Hari Jaisingh has rightly held: “Brave words cannot tilt the scales against terrorism but a decisive counter-strike can”. Often in terrorist strikes, there have been heavy casualties, which includes security personnel and civilians on our side. This is both sad and shocking. India has given her liberal support to the USA in her fight against terrorism in Afghanistan, terror king Osama bin Laden and his Al Qaida outfit. The Taliban regime has been rooted out. Mere lip-sympathy and notes of condemnation for attack on our Parliament House are not enough. The time has come for the USA and other nations to send a stern warning to Pakistan to stop playing the terrorism card forthwith and resolve every issue bilaterally. IQBAL SINGH,
Bijhari (Hamirpur, HP) Small pox analogy Pakistani papers are full of open and veiled retaliation if India were to move militarily against Pakistan for its sponsorship of terror in India. A terrorist captured by Indian police reasponsible for attacks on the Indian Parliament, Mohd Afzal, was found to be
unrepentant. Marvin Ott, Professor, National Security Policy, National War College, USA, writes in Los Angles Times that the appropriate solution in dealing with people who have the “god’s mandate to kill non-believers” is to kill them, as they could not be reformed. This brings up the question: what to do with Pakistan that is determined to exterminate and subjugate non-believers in South Asia? One of the world’s leading experts on Islamic fundamentalism, Prof Bassam Tibi of University of Gottigen considers that about 50 per cent of the population in Pakistan subscribe to fundamentalist Islamic ideology and many people are willing to carry out violence to further the goals. This implies that 50 per cent of Pakistanis sympathise and support terrorism against India. No wonder, in Pakistan, there is very little moral or human reservations about killing Indian civilians with weapons of mass destruction, only the Indian retaliation holding it back. India should not wait for itself to be nuked by Pakistan. If the threshold had been crossed by the acts of terror, India must retaliate massively against the terrorist state, using strategic weapons on its population centres — the real source of terrorism. The devastation caused on Pakistan should be so extensive that it should make Pakistanis, who survive the attack, rethink the idea of raging jehad against India. Prof.
Ott states further: “Civilisation’s response to small pox was to seek (and achieve) its eradication from nature. This is our analogy; it is a war without quarter”. MOORTHY MUTHUSWAMY,
New York (On e-mail) Lessons to learn If Ministers and MPs are not secure right in Parliament House, what about the security of the common people of the country? Delhi Police Commissioner Ajay Raj Sharma’s statement that there are so many cars in the nation’s capital that it would be difficult to know which car contains what is shocking. If this is a difficult task, at least all cars entering Parliament complex can and should be searched if incidents such as the one on Dec 13 are to be avoided. Otherwise, we will have to pay a very heavy price. When Phoolan Devi was shot dead within one km of Parliament, there was a hue and cry about improving surveillance and something should have been done about it. Also, the October 1 attack in the Jammu and Kashmir Assembly should have been a simple warning that such incidents could occur in the near future. Alas, how soon do we learn our lessons! PRABHJIT KAUR,
Jallandhar Pathetic war cries Our political leaders should spare us the pathetic war cries — “all options are open”, etc., because they can only cry like sissies and hope for big brother America to come to their help. Let me tell you that they will do no such thing. Because the USA only respects those who have self-respect. MOHD BILAL,
Hyderabad (On e-mail) Roots of the problem Apropos of your editorial ‘Hot pursuit put on hold’ (Dec. 19) the conspirators and supporters of attack on the Indian Parliament must not be allowed to go unscathed and our political leadership, with greater maturity, should build up a strong diplomatic global opinion on Pakistan’s moral and material support to cross-border terrorism. But more important than tackling the stray incidents of terrorism across the world would be to nip the very roots of this menace. The major cause of jehadi terrorism is that Islam has become a licence for many Muslims to do whatever they please in the name of religion. The self-proclaimed and the so-called ‘pious’ religious leaders indulge in something abominable and address it as a ‘holy war’ and they urge other Muslims also to join it. This has happened not just in Kashmir, Chechnya, Kosovo, Afghanistan or Iran but it has been the story everywhere. They have raised irrational questions and issued ‘fatwas’ on burqa, public entertainment, women education etc. The need of the hour is for the international community to make a collective effort at a healthy and rational interpretation of a religious outlook so that a few fanatics like Osama bin Laden do not endanger the very future of the whole civilised world. VED GULIANI,
Hisar Plug the loopholes The attack on Parliament exposes loopholes in our security apparatus. Little has been done to make Parliament totally safe. Had the terrorists been fully trained in carrying out such an attack, they could have played havoc. We have read in the newspapers that the security of Bhakra Dam and the thermal plant has been tightened after the attack on Parliament. What safety can be expected from this government which is accused of making money in the purchase of coffins meant for our dead heroes? NARINDER SINGH JALLO, Kapurthala Sponsor of terror Why is the Indian Government not acting fast? Pakistan is a terrorist state. India must break all ties with Pakistan which is the real sponsor of terrorism. M.SINGH
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2001 set to be second warmest year ever The year 2001 is the second warmest in world history. According to data available till date, the average temperature during 2001 was 14.42 degrees, the second highest ever, the highest being 14.57 degrees in 1998, the World Meteorological Organisation in Geneva, Switzerland says. Most of the temperature increase this year occurred in Central Canada and Eurasia, while some parts of the globe, like North West Australia and Kamchatka, were unusually chilly. Rainfall was also affected unevenly around the globe, with Afghanistan suffering from a bad drought and Indonesia plagued by torrential rainfall that triggered massive landslides, says a report in “New Scientist”. The planet averaged an even 14.0 0c between 1961 and 1990. While not all of the data for 2001 is in yet, researchers predict the average temperature will be 14.42 degrees, the report says. Researchers say this adds further weight to the reality of a global warming trend. The last decade holds nine of the 10 warmest years since 1860, with the hottest being 1998. Greenhouse gases are suspected to be the major contributors to this trend. “It is a significant trend. We suspect that greenhouse gases are a major player, though natural variations certainly play a part too.”, says David Parker of the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction in Berkshire, England. Average temperatures have risen by more than 0.6 degrees over the past 100 years, though the rise has not been continuous. While these differences may seem tiny, they can have a big effect on climate. For example, if the annual temperature in the UK rises 0.6 degrees, an extra week can be added to both ends of the growing season. Global averages are calculated by analysing temperatures from more than 1000 land-based stations, 7000 ships and 1000 buoys. Areas not covered by the global spread of instruments are filled in by computer estimates. Though some scientists feel that many of the land-based temperature readings are biased because they pick up heat from urban centres and incorrectly assume a larger area is the same high temperature, Dr Parker says this would at most make for an error of 0.05 degrees in a global average.
UNI Biggest carousel beckons from Kolkata A good news for the carousel lovers. At Kolkata’s Nicco Park, a giant version, in fact the biggest in the country, has been installed with 63 horses and three chariots made of fibre glass. The whole device can accommodate 75 riders in one go. This is major entertainment for the young and the old alike. The horses are the main attraction. Three different sizes of them have been fitted in a row and joined with a spring on a wheeled platform. They gallop with music and follow the up and down movement. The entire wheel moves with the tune. Engineers were specially trained to make these horses and local artists did the motif work on them. The music was selected from 98 carnival pieces picked from various internet sites with HMV providing the final touch. There are chariots for little babies and grandfathers who may like to sit on them and relax. The younger ones can enjoy the adventurous horse ride.
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The Gurmukh is peaceful within The Name of the Lord is absorbed in his mind and body. —Sri Guru Granth Sahib, Var Sorath M 4, page 653 **** The Gurmukh destroys his ego. Merged in the Love of the Lord, he rises above attachment. —Sri Guru Granth Sahib, Asa M 3, pa. 362 **** When a man abandons, O Partha all the desires of the heart and is satisfied in the Self by the Self, then he is said to be one stable in wisdom (sthitprajana or gurmukh). He whose mind is not perturbed by adversity, who does not crave for happiness, who is free from fondness, fear and anger, is the Muni of constant wisdom. —The Bhagavadgita, II.55-56. The brave are invincible —Atharva Veda, 20.47.3 **** Brighten thy intellect For doing divine duties And unfolding the hidden truth behind false values. —Yajur Veda 1.13 **** Live with a heroic spirit Equipped with strong will power; And submit not to the fear of death. —Atharva Veda, 19.27.8 **** Live in tune with the universal soul. Let this be the final craving which you cherish. Let this be your last prayer, Cast off your separate ego and merge in the universal entity. Let there be no distance, no distinction; Every particle of the human body is a symbol of universal existence. creation is the image of the creator, The experience of unity is the fulfilment of human endeavours. —Rig Veda, 8.44.23. **** In the womb of his mother No man knoweth his caste; All men are born From God’s One spirit. Saith Kabir; Only he in my estimation Is a true Brahmin who meditateth on God! —Sri Guru Granth Sahib, Rag Gauri, page 324. **** No one gets satisfaction without contentment. —Sukhmani Sahib |
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