Ludhiana, August 22
To finalise the technologies for recommendation to the farmers during the coming rabi season, a two-day agricultural officers’ workshop started on the PAU campus here today.
Inaugurating the workshop, Dr Kirpal Singh Aulakh, Vice- Chancellor, PAU, said agriculture was passing through a serious crisis due to depletion of underground water, deterioration of soil health and pollution of environment. The current drought has further added to the miseries of farmers. During the months of June-July this year, rainfall was only 8 per cent of the last year’s rainfall. As a result of the depletion of underground water from upper layers, the water has to be drawn from the deeper layers.
Due to this, 40 to 50 per cent of about 10 lakh centrifugal pumps in Punjab had become dysfunctional and the remaining were running at 30-35 per cent efficiency. These would have to be replaced with submersible pumps involving huge investment and increased requirement of power supply. The water from deeper layers was likely to cause the problem of soil salinity.
Dr Aulakh said in order to divert 10 lakh hectare area from paddy, emphasis should be laid on other enterprises like fisheries, poultry and dairy also in addition to the alternative crops like pulses, oilseeds, vegetables and fruits. He said the yield of fishery in Punjab is 5 ton per hectare which is 2.5 times more than the national average. If proper facilities for processing, canning and marketing are provided, there was a great scope for bringing more area under fisheries. This would also help in recycling the water by first storing in the fish pond and then using it for the crops, thus getting double benefit from the same water, he added.
Dr R.K. Rampal, Director of Agriculture, Punjab, in his presidential remarks stressed the need for strengthening the seed production programme particularly of pulses, oilseeds and the winter maize. He also urged the scientists to
evolve disease and infact pest-resistant varieties so that the use of pesticides could be brought down. He said in order to meet the situation created by the drought, a Special Crop Management Cell has been created in the Directorate of Agriculture.
Dr Rampal further said as a result of the personal interest shown by the Agriculture Minister, power supply to the agricultural sector for 8-10 hours daily was ensured. He also said that the Central Government has been approached to provide a grant of Rs 2350 crore to compensate the loss caused by the drought. For the Rabi season 2002-2003, target has been fixed to produce 147 lakh tonnes of wheat, 1.53 tonnes of barley, 54,000 tonnes of pulses and 88,000 tonnes of oilseed, he said.
Dr Govinder Singh Nanda, Director of Research, PAU, while presenting the research highlights for rabi crops, said sunflower varieties PSFH-11 and SH-88, chief pea variety PBG-5, have been released for cultivation during the next rabi season.
Dr Jaspinder Singh Kolar, Director Extension Education, PAU, suggested the large-scale adoption of zero tillage technology in order to decrease the cost of production by Rs 600-800 per acre. He said of the farmers should be trained to produce their own seed as government seed agencies like the PAU,
Punseed and National Seeds Corporation, would not be able to meet the whole requirements of the state. Moreover, the farmer seed producers should be adopted by these agencies for seed multiplication.
He also suggested that small farmers should be encouraged to get their farm operations done through custom hiring, instead of making investment on machinery which remains under-utilised.
The workshop is being attended by about 400 field officers of the
Department of Agriculture, Punjab, and PAU scientists who will finalise the rabi production technologies through deliberations. On the basis of these technologies, a book on packages of practices in English and Punjabi, would be published for the farmers and would be available for sale during the Kisan Melas to be organised by the university in September at Rauni (Patiala) on September 4, at Ballowal Saunkhri on September 10, at main campus Ludhiana on September 19- 20, at Bhatinda on Sept. 24 and at Gurdaspur on September 27.