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Be Indian, be happy Young generation on a song THAT the people in the wealthiest countries are not the happiest is comforting news for the millions in developing countries. India and Indians have particular reason to cheer the findings of a survey conducted by MTV Networks International: It showed that young Indians are among the happiest people on the planet today. Significantly, it also found the happiest young Indians to be also the most religious, which may suggest that religion is not a refuge only for those who are unhappy.
India-China border dispute
A Nobel dinner
Avoidable conflicts American-English? It is Dutch really Selling student art on the Net Chatterati
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Invite Hurriyat to talks WHATEVER may be the circumstances in which the All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC) offered to have a dialogue with the government, it is a welcome move. The government should have no hesitation in inviting the “separatist” body for talks. It is significant that the APHC, which had recently boycotted a round-table conference presided over by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, has veered round to have talks with the government only after the idea got an endorsement from its patrons across the border. What exactly the Hurriyat has in mind when it mentions “self-rule” on both sides of the divide as its new political goal will be known only when it elaborates the concept. Once it is clear that “self-rule” does not mean secession or so-called self-determination, the offer of talks should not be discouraged. As an idea, “self-rule” has nothing objectionable about it so long as it is within the framework of the Indian Constitution. In any case, the government has no problem in giving more autonomy to Jammu and Kashmir through constitutional guarantees. But the Hurriyat has so far been adopting a hawkish stance with the result that meaningful talks with the organisation has not been possible. Since the Hurriyat’s attitude all these years has not taken it far, and even Pakistan seemed to have reconciled to the fact that it was beyond its means to force India to go in for a redrawing of the map, it realised it was better to come out with an offer of talks. The last round-table conference, which the Hurriyat unwisely boycotted, decided to set up a panel to work out proposals on the nature of the relationship that out to be there between the Centre and the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The Hurriyat demand for “self-rule” can safely be referred to this panel, though the suggestion it has made follows President Musharraf’s statement favouring “self-rule”. Once the Hurriyat along with other political groups comes to talks with the Centre, it should be asked to spell out what exactly is there in its mind. Also “self-rule” for the Kashmiris cannot be at the cost of the right to autonomy of the people of other regions like Jammu and Ladakh. Call it autonomy or “self-rule” or use some other nomenclature, it should be acceptable to all regions of the state. It is, however, a pity that the panel decided upon by the round-table conference has not yet started working. The Centre should show urgency in activating the panel.
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Mamata’s antics THE manner in which 30 members of the Trinamool Congress behaved in the West Bengal Assembly the other day was shocking. They damaged property, tore business papers and documents, upturned desks and benches and hurled microphones and sound boxes at the Treasury benches. Many members were injured. The Trinamool Congress MLAs had moved a no-confidence motion with the support of the Congress against the Left Front government. Instead of arguing their case against the government, they found it easier to show their muscle power. The Assembly hall was a picture of chaos and it reminded one of similar scenes in the Assembly halls of Uttar Pradesh, Orissa and Tamil Nadu not long ago. The Trinamool Congress leader, Ms Mamata Banerjee, should be squarely blamed for the incident. Her party also observed a 12-hour bandh in Kolkata on Friday. Violence has no place in a democracy and no one has the right to hold the state to ransom. Ms Banerjee’s opposition to Tata’s car project in Singur, about 40 km from Kolkata, is understandable. She says that the project would affect the interests of the local farmers and others. But she could have ventillated her grievance in a proper way. Certainly, her legislators did not have the right to disrupt the proceedings of the House, resort to violence and inflict a bandh on the city. Why is a legislature meant for if it is not used for debate and discussion? It is because of such incidents that legislatures are not only losing precious time but also unable to debate important issues on the floor of the House. This is cause for concern. Unfortunately, Parliament and most state legislatures have become victims of this disturbing trend. Clearly, by resorting to hooliganism and violence, Ms Mamata Banerjee herself robbed her Singur campaign of any political substance. Her continued antics suggest that she has run out of ideas and she knows no other kind of politics. No political party can succeed by using violence as a tool of Opposition politics. She is bound to lose people’s sympathy if she continues with her deplorable ways, creating hurdles in the path of industrial and economic revival in West Bengal.
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Be Indian, be happy THAT the people in the wealthiest countries are not the happiest is comforting news for the millions in developing countries. India and Indians have particular reason to cheer the findings of a survey conducted by MTV Networks International: It showed that young Indians are among the happiest people on the planet today. Significantly, it also found the happiest young Indians to be also the most religious, which may suggest that religion is not a refuge only for those who are unhappy. No doubt, the study was confined to the MTV generation, people between 16 and 34 years and not confined to India. The survey covered young people in 14 countries, and others high up in the happiness scale are the young generation in Argentina, Mexico and Indonesia. In contrast, on the other side of the happiness divide are the young populations in Japan, the United States and the United Kingdom. The Japanese for all their money and technology appear miserable — only 8 per cent admitted to being happy. The percentage of those who described themselves as happy in the UK and the US was less than 50 and 30 respectively. So, there does appear to be something that can be measured in some way to arrive at an index of happiness. Curiously, the one country in the world that decided to pitch for Gross National Happiness (GNH) as against Gross National Product (GNP) — as a superior measure of well-being — is Bhutan. As far back as 1972, Bhutan decided that the GNH was a better definition of prosperity in more holistic terms and a more comprehensive index of well-being as against the GNP which was merely the sum total of material production.
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Being young is not having any money; being young is not minding not having any money. — Katharine Whitehorn
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India-China border dispute IT MAY be the best of times to sort out the border problem with China. It may also be the worst of times for doing so. The reason why it is the best of times is Chinese President Hu Jintao’s plea in Delhi that it was something “basic” to settle borders for “peace and stability” in the region. He is justified in saying this because both countries fought a war in 1962 over the border dispute. They have improved relations since then because they have kept aside the border dispute to resume trade and contact. But it cannot go on like this. As Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has said, both countries can build upon the settlement. We will have to move towards that soon. China has a vested interest in the economic progress it is making. It wants peace. The manner in which Mr Hu talked about the development of Asia on the whole and the region in particular indicates that China is no longer in favour of any confrontation. There was a time when stability in the world did not fit into its scheme of things built on “self-reliant detachment or confrontation.” Then the Chinese leaders also did not approve of the Communist Soviet Union because it was “a partner in the conspiracy of stability in the world.” The Soviet Union is history. China also realises that its image of “confrontation” did not change the plight of its people. A new China has been born in the last two or three decades. It has employed all the capitalist ways to grow by implementing Deng Xiaoping’s maxim: It does not matter whether a cat is black or white so long as it kills rats. Why it is the worst of times is that the India-US nuclear deal is suspect in the eyes of China. It believes that India has a tilt towards Washington, which is also wooing New Delhi. President Bush has said in Singapore that he is trying to bring India “into the inner circle of the US friends and allies.” New Delhi is not yet a member of the APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation). Not that America’s friendship is crucial to us, but our equation with it will help us get a better offer on the border from China. On the other hand, Washington may become suspicious of our efforts in making up with Beijing. It suits us to keep America guessing whether we would ever be a counter-force to check China. But Beijing’s suspicion does not suit us at this time. By passing a resolution in Parliament on the border question, we would have failed in sensing the friendly mood in Beijing. We would have repeated the earlier mistake. A resolution by Parliament in 1962 left the then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru with no option except to adopt a hard line. Nehru was in favour of leasing out perpetually Aksai Chin which was the only link between Sinkiang and Tibet. This was the only demand of Beijing. The resolution made Nehru intractable. Some forces are at it again. The pitch raised on the border issue is being heightened relentlessly. The same atmosphere was built in the late fifties and the early sixties. Then the Congress party was in the forefront. The result was the war. This time the BJP leads the attack. The party’s attitude is much more dangerous because it tends to whip up passions to a point where a compromise becomes difficult. On the other hand, China appears to seek a solution to which India is a willing partner. This was clear even before the Chinese President arrived in India. When Beijing’s envoy in New Delhi said almost on the eve of President Hu’s visit that Arunachal was part of their country, China officially reacted differently to make it clear that the boundary dispute would be settled through compromise. What Beijing wanted to convey was that despite its stand on Arunachal, it was ready for an agreement on the give-and-take basis. Mr Hu confirmed this when he said repeatedly in his statements and talks that the settlement of boundary issues would bind the two countries together. Goodwill is what needs to be generated in our relations with China. While Beijing seems to have sorted out its doubts to a large extent, New Delhi is yet to formulate its policy. By stating that Arunachal is an integral part of India, we are enunciating our stance on the boundary in that part. This cannot be a policy. The controversy over Aksai Chin says it all. The area is under China’s occupation, although it is part of our territory. In the fifties and the early sixties China made many overtures to let India know that Aksai Chin was essential for it. Beijing was willing to accommodate New Delhi elsewhere. What the Polish Ambassador spelled out to me (I was then Home Minister G.B Pant’s press officer) was swap of sorts. China would recognise the McMahon Line, enunciating most of Arunachal as part of the Indian territories provided New Delhi accepted Chinese suzerainty over Aksai Chin. Forty-five years ago when this happened, followed by a war, both China and India were struggling countries — highly nationalist and suspicious. Today, they are emerging economies which need to transcend their shores. At least, they have to understand each other now. New Delhi should seriously think over the proposal to exchange Aksai Chin with Arunachal if China’s old proposal still stands. Beijing should, in the meanwhile, show its gesture by accepting the 1962 Colombo proposal which suggested that nowhere would Indian troops be required any further withdrawals, and that the McMahon Line would be more or less the ceasefire line. (India gave an assurance that it would not take its troops right up to the McMahon Line even though the Colombo conference had allowed it to do so). Both New Delhi and Beijing have done well to keep aside the border problem and promote business between the two. Doubling the trade in another four years is quite a challenge. This requires peace and understanding. They have indicated this in their statements and agreements. But they have to go
beyond.
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A Nobel dinner OUR family friend who migrated to Stockholm 35 years ago has been serving as professor of nuclear physics there. He has been residing in Vallentuna area of suburban Stockholm where Nobel laureates and other eminent scholars associated with the Royal Swedish Academy of sciences as well the Nobel Foundation also reside. Two days after the Nobel Prize distribution ceremony on December 10 myself and my wife were invited by our nuclear scientist friend for a private dinner at his residence. As guests arrived we were introduced to two eminent personalities who happened to be Nobel laureates and residents of Stockholm. It was a small get together. We were impressed by the humility, warmth in conversation as well as erudite scholarship of these persons. During informal pre-dinner conversation they revealed intimate knowledge of
India's Vedic traditions. They specifically referred to the famous book titled “the Arctic home in the Vedas” by Lokmanya Balgangadhar Tilak where reference has been made to visits of Aryans from India to the Arctic region which enjoyed relatively mild climate during that period of history. Tilak had quoted stanzas from the Rigveda to support this conclusion. We were deeply impressed and excited too to hear this. They did not expect any ready comment from us and all started having dinner on a quiet note. Buffet dinner consisted of selected Swedish and Indian dishes. Dinner over, the dignitaries embarrassed us when they gently took away plates from our hands and started washing them. The Nobel laureates invited us to visit the Nobel Foundation office in Sturegatan Stockholm and gifted us a mini painting of His Majesty King Carl Gostov the Sixteenth presenting the awardees in person a diploma scroll, medal and a cheque during Nobel Prize presentation ceremony in city hall framed in Swedish birchwood frame. In this majestic foundation office the meticulous care of thousands of original documents under their custody, was simply superb. In the end a video film showing a typical entry paper in chemistry was shown to us on the screen. Normally such entries are closely watched by the members of shortlisting committee who compile their initial remarks for the final decision, However, in this case the mind boggling figures and formulae were all Greek to us? To realise this at close quarters was a rare
chance.
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Avoidable conflicts Life
is larger than law, and always remains ahead of it. Law lags behind. Therefore, while interpreting law, courts should keep in mind that law is for life and not vice versa. No doubt, justice is to be done according to the law but it should always be tempered with compassion and wisdom. Devoid of these human values, our justice system will become harsh and counter- productive. The recent decision of the Supreme Court that all illegally constructed commercial houses be sealed/ has created a stir in Delhi, where one-fifth of the total construction may be illegal. Those who permitted such constructions are untouched and those who spent lakhs of rupees and are serving because of those constructions are being punished. They violated some law 40-50 years ago. Prolonged illegalities do not make it legal nor persistent wrongs become right. We do not know details of the proceedings before the Supreme Court except what is published in the Press. It seems that if illegal constructions were classified into dangerous and others and the operation had started phase wise, perhaps the extent of opposition would have been less. Article 14 permits classifications and some sort of selective action would have resulted in a smoother operation. It would have caused bearable pain. It may have created less problems for all those who are victims of the order and those who have to execute it. Less confrontation between the judiciary and the executive, between the ruled and the rulers is must for growing nations. Chaos and confusion to any extent are unhealthy. All ills cannot be cured by one PIL alone. Prudence and not principles could have produced less resistance. In Punjab and Haryana, farmers are confronting the government on the issue of SEZs and industrialisation through
acquiring agricultural land by paying what is called a law price by manipulating the procedure under the law. The Land Acquisition Act was framed in 1894 when India was ruled by the Britishers and no fundamental rights, as envisaged today, existed. A law made at the close of the 19th century in the year 1894 is being ruthlessly followed after making some cosmetic changes in the 21st century. The attitude of our bureaucracy has not changed with time. The farmers are paid compensation at a rate which existed years before the acquisition, and that also after prolonged litigation and in instalments. Years passed by before appeals etc. are decided. If one court enhances the amount, the state goes into appeal. Many farmers whose land was acquired at the time of construction of the SYL canal are still agitating in some courts for the settlement of compensation. None of the acquiring authorities have ever made any efforts to resettle those ejected from their holdings. Nor they are made partners in the process of acquisition or development. In the Punjab law there is ample scope for the same, but pro-farmer provisions are never enforced. Hence, resentment, agitations and protests. All these complications are man-made. The Punjab Regional and Town Planning and Development Act, 1995, is one of the best Acts in the country. Under the Punjab Act development is possible with very little of acquisition. The affected farmers can become partners in development without being dislocated from their homes. But those who are in charge to operate the Act do not enforce it completely. Recently, an amendment has been made to the Act, which has destroyed the pro-farmers aspect of the Act and it has also become anti-people. Haryana and the UT Acts already suffer from this vice. The Punjab amendment was passed along with about 10 other Acts in the last session of the Assembly when the Akalis walked out of the Assembly on some other issue. In about half an hour, ten bills were passed without any discussion. These days, throughout the country, the laws are made without discussion. The democratic institutions are being used to destroy democracy. Instead of permitting the members to express their views on issues which confront the state and the Centre, most of the time is spent in shouting down opponents. In such a forum, capacity to hackle the opponent is more important than the ability to express views. Therefore, it makes no difference if half of them are almost illiterate and one-fourth have a criminal background. Today howling capacity, and not debating, is needed for a good parliamentarian in the highest forum of the country which makes laws to rule our lives. Long live democracy! It is a miracle of history that India still can be proud of being the largest democracy in the world with all its institutions intact. This is the best explanation that why we believe in God.
The writer is a former Advocate General of Punjab
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American-English? It is Dutch really “The
Yankee’s dope is all blunderbuss. The nitwit can stoop to poppycock to snoop around the hold and hoist himself on the bulwark as a freebooter. How come, boss?” You think this is English - American-English? Well, think again. It is Dutch! Yankee is a Dutch expression, so is dope and blunderbuss. Nitwit, stoop, poppycock, snoop, hold, hoist, bulwark and even freebooter come from the same source. And, ‘how come?’ —Dutch again! Americans use ‘boss’ liberally. There is the office boss as well as the dreaded mafia boss. It is also a very American expression that can be used almost with any one, any where. However, it is not an English word at all. It is Dutch — appropriated by the Yankees (originally Janke — something like the English Johnny, a mild insult) and popularised across the globe. Boss, in fact, is much more of an accepted English word to describe a superior officer than the traditional English word chief. Similarly, the much used Americanism ‘how come?’ is a literal translation of Dutch hoekom and nitwit is from ik niet wiet meaning I don’t know. Poppycock is from papperkak or soft dung. Snoepen has been americanised as snoop meaning to spy. Interestingly, the word originally meant slipping a candy into one’s mouth when no one was looking. Doop to the Dutch was sauce but dope now means many things including narcotics and getting a low down on something, like what’s the dope on the stock market. This is not all. Hundreds of English words that we use every day and which have a typical American ring to them are not English at all. Dumb, nix, shit, check (as in restaurant bill), so long, scram, kaput, hoodlum, ouch, cranky, bum, etc are German words. The much used expression — get lost — is Yiddish as are glitch and chutzpah. The colourful expression — I need it like I need a hole in the head — is an American usage imported from Yiddish. Geek is not English. It is African. Jitter, zombie, cola, juke, boogie-woogie, bogus, phony, chill out, blow one’s top, cool, uptight, gimmie five, jazz, blues, etc which sound typically American have in fact been imported from Africa. So, if you have had enough of this slew of words and your ideas on American origin have been blown to smithereens, think again. Both smithereens and slew are Irish words. Even a common word like hooligan is Irish as is the all-American ‘speakeasy.’ From the East have come such everyday words like brainwash, a translation of Mandarin his nao and chopper for helicopter. Honcho, a much-used English word on newspaper business pages, is from Japanese hancho meaning squad leader and hooch is from uchi meaning house. During the wars it was used for a house where soldiers kept their mistresses and it later transformed itself to mean illicit liquor. Indian words are yet to be adopted on any noticeable scale in the United States though Bangalored has been doing the rounds for the last couple of years. But it hasn’t been a one-way street. What most think today to be propah Queen’s English is in fact American coinage. For example, the expression ‘to keep a stiff upper lip’. It has gained worldwide currency to describe a disdainful countenance typical of the British and most are unaware of its American origin. Similarly, panties, noncommittal, close shave, to bark up the wrong tree, horse sense, rip-roaring, to have an axe to grind, to sit on the fence, greased lightning, to fly off the handle, to pull wool over one’s eyes, fit as a fiddle, to peter out, paint the town red, to talk through one’s hat, to face the music, etc are all American gifts to the world of English language. And if you have sideburns, remember that it was coined after an American (or rather a Union) commander of the Civil War -Ambrose E Burnside. His muttonchop whiskers became fashionable and they came to be known as burnsides. Later, ‘sides’ was switched and the word became sideburns. And what does the supreme Americanism OK stand for? It took Columbia University researcher Allen Walker Read 20 years of research to nail it down to Oll Korrect. The abbreviation first appeared in Boston Morning Post on March 23, 1839. And no, it does not stand for ‘only kissing’ as some with only one thing on their mind believe.
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Selling student art on the Net Charles
Saatchi created a sensation in the art world by putting the work of Damien Hirst, Tracey Emin and the Chapman Brothers on display. Now he’s looking to find the next generation of talent with ‘Stuart’, a non-profit online gallery for students with something to show. In its first week, 600 have signed up — and the website has attracted 20 million hits. Watch this space. Not all of them will end up in his collection, but the latest initiative from Charles Saatchi offers young art students a greater chance of success. The man who introduced the world to artists Damien Hirst, Tracey Emin, Rachel Whiteread and Sarah Lucas, and who is credited with changing the face of British art with his explosive Sensation exhibition in 1997, has now launched his latest venture, Stuart. The Stuart (as in “student art”) gallery, gives artists the opportunity to show their work in a virtual exhibition space from where they can be picked up by collectors. Such a facility has clearly been needed: since introducing a dedicated platform for art students, the Saatchi website has seen its hit-rate doubled to three million a day and, in its first week alone, Stuart attracted 600 submissions from around the world. A non-profit-making site, where artists can sell their work without being charged commission, Stuart could be considered a logical extension of Charles Saatchi’s long-term interest in student work. A subsection of Saatchi’s website Your Gallery, which already hosts a free global exhibition space for 18,000 artists, Stuart has been described as a unique opportunity for graduates hoping to get their work recognised on a wider stage. In addition, the discussion board on the site enables artists to share ideas, inspirations and advice with each other. “When I was a student we would never have dreamt of having something like this,” says the artist Paula Rego. “It’s brilliant for students to show their work and see what is going on with other students worldwide.” Grayson Perry, the winner of the 2003 Turner Prize, agrees. “It’s innovative ideas like this which will bring on new waves and changes in art. This type of innovation will always produce new, exciting things.” And although the man famous for showcasing the YBAs (Young British Artists) has not yet brought anything from the site, he does insist that he views the work of every new student who signs up. “There are a number of really very interesting artists on Stuart that I have already passed on to dealers that I work closely with, both in the UK and in the States,” says Saatchi. So far, around a third of the students are from the UK, one third from America and one third from the rest of the world, from Turkey to Slovakia. Yet the Saatchi Gallery contacted only art galleries in London to kickstart the process. The surge of interest appears to stem from world of mouth. Nevertheless, not everyone is convinced by the project. “Sometimes you come back from an art school visit, saying to anyone who will listen: you just wouldn’t believe how terrible some of them are,” says The Independent’s art critic Tomb Lubbock. “Now the world can see. The serious question is whether these sites will provide artists — good or bad — with a significant alternative, direct-sale marketplace, which bypasses the gallery system with its enormous percentages. That seems doubtful. “Most rich art-collectors aren’t as bold as Saatchi is himself — they’d be reluctant to buy on a whim out of the blue. But another possibility is the development of a very broad ‘general public’ art market. That would presumably meant artists devoting themselves to relatively cheap, home-sized and maybe reproducible artworks, rather than big, expensive, unique museum pieces. For ambitious artists that would be a big and perhaps intolerable reversal of priorities.” In the meantime, the site continues to grow apace. While he may not be directly responsible for creating the next generation of Young British Artists, Saatchi is certainly the driving force behind them. Is the next big thing already online? Time will tell.
By arrangement with
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Chatterati A Punjabi wedding There
are weddings in every lane of the Capital nowadays. The son of Montek Singh and Isher Ahluwalia got married last week. At a typical Punjabi-style sangeet “Munde di Maa” relatives danced the evening away. They sang all the “tapas”, suhag songs, old filmi songs and then we had Jessi, the Punjabi singer, who lent the real authentic touch. Friends and relatives just could not stop eating the Amritsari kulchas, guchi pulao and jalebis. The decorations were simple: just flowers and flowers. Priyanka, Robert Vadra, Mrs Amarinder Singh, Punjab Finance Minister Singla, Chidambaram, Kiran Mazumdar, Rahul Bajaj and the media barons were present. The reception the next day was classy and elegant too. Mutter gobi parathas, kaleji and kulfis were popular. Nothing like Punjabi food and music! This kind of food is now available only once in a while. So celebrities ran for the food and then danced away the calories with a live band and a crooner who sang old famous Hindi film numbers. The PM’s wife sang songs as a valued family member. Though delayed by visit of the Chinese President, the P.M. made it with enough time to spare. Guests from Mumbai were in plenty, given Montek’s old connections with the world of finance. Union Minister Mani Shanker Aiyar’s daughter’s wedding was simply South Indian. Dancing continued unabated here too. It was a confluence of Tamil and Malayali, as Mani’s daughter wedded old Congress Union Minister Krishna Kumar’s son. Whether it was the visiting Pakistani Foreign Minister or the Sri Lanka former President, Mrs Chandrika Kumaratunga, the long reach of Mani’s diplomatic connections easily matched his rooted panchayati people. Rush for Viagra Kerala was the new high at the India International Trade Fair with the latest offering, Indian herbal Viagra. The stalls attracted visitors of all ages. Old men, either alone or accompanied by their wives, could be seen leaning upon counters to inquire about the “useful” innovation. Smiling slyly, looking sideways and trying to overpower their discomfiture, the grey-haired had a common set of questions: how does it work, the cost effectiveness and for how long will they have to continue with it? This Indian innovative aphrodisiac is a deadly cocktail of efficacy and low price at Rs 1,000 whereas it’s Rs 20,000 for the imported ones. Made in Tihar And Guess what? The “Jail Factory” is going places, becoming the most unique attraction at the Trade Fair this year. The goods designed and made solely by Tihar inmates caught the fancy of visitors. Expert craftsmanship and moderate prices caught visitors’ attention. The products included bakery items, bedsheets, pickles, vases and decorative pieces, besides shirts and kurtas weaved and stitched by the inmates. The money coming from the sales will be put into the inmates’ welfare fund.
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Ten Fetters of Existence: Self delusion; Doubt; Clinging to Ritual; Sensuous Lust; Ill Will; Greed for Fine Material Existence; Greed for immaterial Existence; Conceit; Restlessness and Ignorance. Human birth is difficult to obtain. Just as a ripened fallen fruit does not re-attach to the branch, you will not get it again
and again.
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