Q1. Which biosafety level is required to handle live Nipah virus samples?
A. BSL-1
B. BSL-2
C. BSL-3
D. BSL-4
Q2. BSL-4 laboratories are characterised by:
1. Full-body positive-pressure suits
2. Highest level of biocontainment
3. Handling of routine pathogens
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Q3. Establishment of state-led BSL-4 labs in India most directly strengthens:
A. Agricultural research
B. Pandemic preparedness and biosecurity
C. Industrial manufacturing
D. Medical tourism
Q4. Which Indian institution has traditionally been associated with high-end virology and epidemic research?
A. CSIR
B. ICMR
C. DRDO
D. ISRO
Q5. From a disaster-management perspective, Nipah outbreaks fall under:
A. Natural disasters only
B. Man-made disasters only
C. Biological disasters
D. Industrial disasters
ANSWERS
1: D
Explanation: NiV requires BSL-4 containment, the highest level, due to high lethality and lack of treatment.
2: A
Explanation: BSL-4 labs use positive-pressure suits and maximum containment. Routine pathogens are handled at lower levels.
3: B
Explanation: BSL-4 facilities enhance early detection, research, and containment of lethal pathogens, a national security concern.
4: B
Explanation: The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) oversees premier institutes like the National Institute of Virology.
5: C
Explanation: Epidemics caused by pathogens are classified as biological disasters under India’s disaster-management framework.
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