Census 2025

INDIA’S upcoming Census in 2025, long-delayed due to the Covid-19 pandemic, stands as a pivotal exercise that directly influences policymaking. Traditionally conducted every decade, the Census offers essential insights into population trends, social dynamics and economic conditions. Beyond mere numbers, it helps shape government priorities, allocation of resources and the design of welfare programmes. The Census data will be instrumental in addressing India’s complex social issues. Key information, such as household composition, access to basic amenities and employment patterns, will guide policies on healthcare, education, housing and infrastructure. With accurate data, the government can identify areas needing intervention, helping achieve equitable growth across regions. For instance, data from rural regions with high illiteracy and unemployment rates could lead to targeted educational and skill-development programmes.

The political implications are equally significant. Linked to the Census is the delimitation exercise. Scheduled to be held after the Census, it will redraw constituency boundaries based on the updated population figures. This impacts fair political representation and is especially relevant for women, as the Census will inform the implementation of the Women’s Reservation Bill, ensuring 33 per cent representation for women in Parliament. Such representation can advance gender-sensitive policymaking, enhancing social equity and economic inclusivity. However, notably, it has raised concerns, particularly among southern states that fear a loss in representation due to their population control efforts. Transparent handling of these demographic shifts is essential to maintain trust and balance regional interests in India’s democratic framework.

Meanwhile, the potential inclusion of a caste census has sparked a parallel debate, with calls from various political fronts advocating for better representation and resource allocation based on caste demographics. Ultimately, the Census is more than a population count — it’s a cornerstone of informed governance.