Don’t let heart disease catch you off guard

In an interview with The Tribune, cardiologist Dr Sarpreet Singh shared his insights regarding the growing concern over heart disease

Heart disease is a complex condition with multiple causes and understanding the risk factors is crucial to preventing it. While some risk factors cannot be changed, many can be managed or reduced through lifestyle changes.

High blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes and obesity are major risk factors that contribute to heart disease. Uncontrolled hypertension can damage blood vessels and the heart, while elevated LDL cholesterol levels can lead to plaque build-up in arteries.

Tobacco use damages blood vessels, increases blood pressure and reduces blood flow to the heart. High blood sugar levels can damage blood vessels and nerves, increasing the risk of heart disease. Excess weight can lead to high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes.

A family history of heart disease increases an individual’s risk and heart disease risk increases with age, especially after 65. Physical inactivity contributes to obesity, high blood pressure and other risk factors. Chronic stress can raise blood pressure and contribute to heart disease. A diet high in saturated fats, sodium and sugar can contribute to high blood pressure, high cholesterol and other risk factors.

Certain medical conditions, such as high triglycerides, kidney disease and sleep apnea, can also increase the risk of heart disease. Exposure to air pollution and lack of social connections can also play a role. To reduce the risk of heart disease, individuals can make lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, quitting smoking, managing stress, getting enough sleep and maintaining a healthy weight.

Monitoring and managing blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar levels is also crucial. Consult with a healthcare professional to assess individual risk factors and develop a plan to reduce the risk of heart disease. By understanding the risk factors and taking control, individuals can reduce their risk and maintain a healthy heart.