Father of radio science in India

Jagdish Chandra Bose was a visionary physicist, biologist, botanist and polymath whose groundbreaking contributions laid the foundation for modern science in India. Born on November 30, 1858, in Mymensingh (now in Bangladesh), Bose was the son of a deputy magistrate who instilled in him a deep respect for Indian traditions and values. This upbringing shaped Bose's pioneering spirit, inspiring him to bridge the gap between Eastern philosophy and Western scientific methods.

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Bose began his education in a vernacular school, which gave him a strong grounding in his native culture. Later, he attended St Xavier's College, Kolkata, where his scientific curiosity blossomed. He pursued further studies in England, earning a degree in Natural Sciences from Christ’s College, Cambridge, in 1884. Despite facing racial discrimination, Bose excelled and developed an enduring interest in the interdisciplinary applications of science.

His early work in physics established him as one of the first Indian scientists to gain international recognition. He made groundbreaking contributions to the study of electromagnetic waves and was one of the first to demonstrate their propagation. Using rudimentary equipment, he devised experiments to generate, transmit and receive radio waves. His pioneering work predated Guglielmo Marconi's patented radio communication system, but Bose chose not to commercialise his invention, believing knowledge should serve humanity.

Beyond physics, Bose made seminal contributions to biophysics. He designed highly sensitive instruments like the Crescograph, which could detect minute movements in plants. Through this, he demonstrated that plants have responses similar to animals, thereby proving they could ‘feel’ pain and stress. His work challenged prevailing notions of life and bridged the fields of physics and biology.

His research philosophy was ahead of his time. He believed in interdisciplinary approaches, combining science, art and philosophy to address complex questions. His scientific papers, delivered at prestigious institutions, such as the Royal Society, were lauded for their originality and depth. Bose was also a prolific writer and thinker, often drawing on Indian philosophical concepts to explain scientific phenomena.

In 1917, he founded the Bose Institute in Kolkata, one of India's oldest and most prestigious research institutions. The institute remains a testament to his belief in the transformative power of science. Though he received accolades globally, including being knighted in 1917, Bose’s humility and dedication to his work stood out.

Bose passed away on November 23, 1937, leaving behind a legacy that continues to inspire. His work not only put Indian science on the global map but also showcased how science could harmonise with culture and ethics. Bose's contributions resonate in today’s world, reminding us of the boundless possibilities of curiosity and innovation.

In honouring Bose, we celebrate a scientist, humanist and visionary whose work transcended disciplines and generations.