Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy walk as they attend the G7 Leaders' Summit in Kananaskis, in Alberta, Canada, June 17, 2025. REUTERS
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Q1. With reference to the evolution of global economic groupings, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. G7 was formed before the first oil crisis of the 1970s.
2. The G20 was formed in response to the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis.
3. The BRICS group is an offshoot of G7 economic initiatives.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Q2. Exercise Shakti, a biennial Indo-French military drill, aligns most closely with which of the following aspects of India’s foreign and security policy?
A. Strategic autonomy and non-alignment
B. Expanding maritime partnerships in the Indian Ocean Region
C. Strengthening land-based interoperability with NATO allies
D. Deepening bilateral ties through multilateral forums like the QUAD
Q3. With reference to Exercise Shakti 2025, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. The Indian Army is represented by the Sikh Light Infantry.
2. The French Army is represented by a unit known for its foreign recruits.
3. The focus is on conventional armoured warfare training.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 2 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 2 and 3 only
Q4. Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, often referenced in exercises like Shakti, primarily authorises:
A. Deployment of humanitarian aid during conflicts
B. Enforcement of international arbitration decisions
C. Use of military force in response to threats to peace
D. Protection of cultural heritage during wartime
Q5. Which of the following best describes the strategic utility of Indo-French exercises like Shakti in the current global geopolitical context?
A. Enhancing India’s influence in the Arctic Council through NATO channels
B. Reinforcing India’s defence posture exclusively on the eastern borders
C. Supporting India’s multi-alignment strategy with Western and non-Western blocs
D. Advancing India’s nuclear deterrence through tactical simulation
Answers Quiz 134 (June 20)
1. C
Explanation:
The G7 operates without a formal charter or enforcement authority. Yet, it holds tremendous influence due to its members’ economic weight, political capital, and ability to shape global narratives. Decisions are non-binding, but soft power, consensus diplomacy, and agenda-setting capacity make the G7 highly impactful.
2. A
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct: All G7 members (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK, USA) are also members of the G20.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: The EU participates in G7 summits but does not have a full voting seat; it acts as a non-enumerated participant.
• Statement 3 is incorrect: G7 has no permanent secretariat. It functions through annual summits and rotating presidencies.
3. D
Explanation:
• The G7 is an exclusive club of advanced economies, with no representation from large developing countries like India, China, or Brazil.
• In contrast, the G20 is more inclusive and representative, comprising both developed and emerging economies.
• G7 decisions are not binding; they influence through diplomacy and consensus.
4. B
Explanation:
India’s regular invitation signals the G7’s growing interest in engaging with key Indo-Pacific powers and leading democracies in the Global South. This reflects a geopolitical shift in global governance, although India is not a formal member or permanent observer.
5. A
Explanation:
The G7 is an informal platform and does not negotiate binding trade agreements like the WTO. While it can shape global responses and influence financial institutions, its recommendations lack legal enforceability, limiting direct impact during crises like global recessions or pandemics.
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