The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 global goals adopted by all UN member states in 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. They aim to balance economic growth, social inclusion and environmental protection, reflecting the principle of leaving no one behind. Unlike the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the SDGs are universal, integrated and interdependent, applying to both developed and developing countries.
The goals cover critical areas such as poverty eradication (SDG-1), zero hunger (SDG-2), health (SDG-3), education (SDG-4), gender equality (SDG-5), clean water (SDG-6), clean energy (SDG-7), economic growth and decent work (SDG-8), industry and innovation (SDG-9), reducing inequalities (SDG-10), sustainable cities (SDG-11), responsible consumption (SDG-12), climate action (SDG-13), life below water (SDG-14), life on land (SDG-15), peace and justice (SDG-16) and global partnerships (SDG-17).
For India, the SDGs align with national priorities like poverty reduction, renewable energy expansion, Swachh Bharat Mission and digital inclusion. The NITI Aayog monitors SDG progress through the SDG India Index, promoting competitive and cooperative federalism among states.
Achieving SDGs is crucial for India’s long-term development, climate resilience and global leadership in sustainable growth.
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