Scientists develop neutralisers to enable vegetable cultivation in alkaline soils

In a significant achievement, scientists from the ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (CSSRI) have developed alkalinity neutralisers to enable vegetable cultivation using alkaline water. This innovation could revolutionise agricultural practices in regions with underground alkaline water sources, addressing issues like water scarcity and low productivity.

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According to data provided by the scientists, around 30% of groundwater resources in Haryana and Punjab — key contributors to the nation’s food grain supply — are affected by varying levels of alkalinity. The use of alkaline water has long been a challenge in agriculture, leading to soil sodification, reduced crop productivity and increased costs.

“Our scientists have succeeded in producing vegetables in such water,” said Dr RK Yadav, Director, ICAR-CSSRI. He added that this development would enable the expansion of vegetable cultivation and diversification in areas previously considered unsuitable.

The milestone is part of a Department of Science and Technology (DST)-funded project that began in 2020. A dedicated team of scientists, including Dr Nirmalendu Basak, Dr Arvind Kumar Rai, Dr Parul Sundha, Dr Priyanka Chandra, Dr Satyendra Kumar, Dr Ranjay Kumar Singh, Dr Rajendra Kumar Yadav and Dr Parbodh Chander Sharma, worked tirelessly for four years to develop the neutralisers.

The breakthrough involved successful trials on okra and tomato at the CSSRI premises, followed by field experiments in Patiala, Punjab. The application of sulphur-based neutralisers transformed previously unproductive land into fertile fields suitable for cultivating vegetables like bitter gourd, pumpkin, bottle gourd and ridged gourd.

“Farmers can now harvest around 10 quintals of vegetables every alternate day within two to three months of neutraliser application,” said Dr Nirmalendu Basak.

The neutralisers not only improved water quality but also enhanced soil health and crop yields. “These are effective options for crop diversification in moderately alkaline water-irrigated areas,” said Dr Arvind Kumar Rai.

With these advancements, the CSSRI team plans to submit their findings to ICAR for further dissemination. The development marks a step forward in sustainable agriculture, offering hope to farmers grappling with challenges of alkalinity and water scarcity.