Light pollution threatens Kangra’s ‘dark skies’

The once-pristine night skies of Dharamsala and Kangra, renowned for their celestial beauty, are now under threat from increasing light pollution. As urban development encroaches upon these Himalayan hills, the starlit skies that once captivated visitors and locals alike are fading into obscurity. The growing intrusion of artificial light has sparked concern among astronomy enthusiasts, environmentalists, and conservationists.

For Captain Anil Singru, a retired naval officer and passionate stargazer, the disappearing stars are a personal loss. Currently residing in Dharamkot, Upper McLeodganj, he recalls how the region once provided an unparalleled window into the cosmos. “Dharamsala, with its clear skies and minimal atmospheric pollution, could have been an astronomer’s paradise. But the growing light spill from urban areas is erasing the night sky’s natural beauty,” he shared.

Singru, a third-generation defence officer with a deep connection to these hills, is particularly critical of the extensive lighting installations under the Smart City initiative. He points to areas like the Himani Chamunda trail, where large-scale lighting has been introduced despite low footfall. While he acknowledges the intent to improve infrastructure, he stresses the need for environmentally conscious designs. He suggests shielded fixtures, motion-sensitive lighting, and the use of warmer tones as measures that could drastically reduce unnecessary skyglow while still meeting safety and visibility requirements.

The impact of light pollution extends beyond aesthetics. It poses serious ecological risks, especially for nocturnal animals and migratory birds. Many species depend on natural light cycles for navigation, reproduction, and feeding. Artificial lighting disrupts these patterns, leading to behavioural changes and disorientation. Migratory birds, which visit Kangra in large numbers during winter and spring, are often drawn to brightly lit areas, resulting in exhaustion and increased mortality rates.

Prem Sagar, an environmentalist who has observed McLeodganj’s transformation over the past 50 years, echoes these concerns. “The serene nights, once a hallmark of these hills, are becoming a memory. Indiscriminate lighting practices need immediate intervention,” he said.

Captain Singru sees a silver lining in the potential for astronomy-based eco-tourism. He believes that if the region takes steps to curb light pollution, it could become a global hub for stargazing and astrophotography. “Preserving the dark skies is not just about saving the view; it’s about maintaining the ecological balance and tapping into sustainable tourism opportunities,” he added, gazing through his telescope in Dharamkot.

The hills of Dharamsala, once defined by their tranquil nights and celestial allure, now face a critical crossroads. With thoughtful intervention and eco-friendly policies, this Himalayan gem could reclaim its starry nights and offer future generations a chance to reconnect with the cosmos.