Satellite images indicate Chenab water levels reduce after Indus Waters Treaty suspended
Following the suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) by India in the aftermath of the Pahalgam terror attack, satellite images have indicated reduced flow of water in the Chenab river flowing from India into Pakistan.
Satellite images of the Marala Headworks in Sialkot area across the border taken on April 21, a day before the attack and then on April 26, show higher levels of silt and sedimentation ahead of the barrage.
"The water flow as observed on comparative satellite images clearly indicates decrease in the flow of water," Col Vinayak Bhat (retd), an imagery interpretation specialist, who posted the pictures on his social media handle, told The Tribune.
"This indicates storage of water in India after suspension of the IWT," he added.
Under the IWT signed between India and Pakistan, India had the right to use the waters of the three 'eastern' rivers, the Sutlej, Beas and Ravi, while the waters of the three 'western' rivers, the Indus, Jhelum and Chenab were allocated to Pakistan.
According to the terms of the treaty, India could use up to 20 per cent water of the western rivers for irrigation and power generation through run-of-the-river projects without creating major storage facilities or disrupting the flow of water to Pakistan, whose agro-economy depends on the Indus basin.
The Chenab river is formed by the confluence of two rivers, Chandra and Bhaga, near the Baralacha La pass that lies on the Manali-Leh road in Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh.
It flows in the north-westerly direction through Chamba before entering Jammu and Kashmir, traversing Kishtwar, Doda, Ramban, Reasi and Jammu districts and finally merging into the Sutlej near Bahawalpur in Pakistan.
The river has a high hydro-power generation potential with several operational and upcoming projects having a combined capacity of close to 7,000 megawatts on the Indian side.
The Marala Headworks, first of the four barrages on the river in Pakistan, is just about 8 km from the International Border in Akhnoor sector and quite close to the Chicken's Neck area that has been the site of decisive battles in the past wars with Pakistan.
It offshoots two irrigation link canals from its left bank -- the 100-km-long Marala-Ravi Link (MRL) that has a capacity of 22,000 cusecs and the Bambanwala-Ravi-Bedian-Depalpur Canal, also known as the Ichogil Canal, that is 158-km long and has a capacity of 4,200 cusecs.
While the headworks and the MRL were first constructed by the British from 1906-1912 to irrigate Gujranwala district, now in Pakistan, post-Independence these waterways have also assumed military significance.
Defence experts say many Pakistan army units have their defences based along these canals. These features form part of the operational planning on both sides as the level of water has a direct impact on the conduct of offensive and defensive manoeuvres.
