Ivory Tower: Discovery of Lycopodium genus by Himachal prof may help in climate change studies

IN a groundbreaking botanical achievement, Dr Sunil Kumar Verma, an Assistant Professor at DAV College, Hoshiarpur, has documented the presence of Lycopodium japonicum, marking the first-ever record of the Lycopodium genus in Himachal Pradesh. This remarkable discovery was made during a field survey in the Barot valley of Mandi district, a picturesque region nestling at an altitude of 1,800-2,000 meters.

Dr Verma, a seasoned pteridologist with over 20 years of expertise in pteridophyte research, was assisted by Prof SP Khullar, chief editor of the Indian Fern Journal, who played a key role in identifying the species. The discovery not only adds to the region’s rich botanical diversity but also highlights the significance of continued research in the Indian Himalayan region. Dr Verma’s meticulous fieldwork and collaboration with Prof Khullar have led to a remarkable contribution to the understanding of the region’s pteridophytic flora.

The research paper documenting this discovery has been accepted for publication in the prestigious Indian Fern Journal, further underscoring the scientific value of the achievement. Prof Khullar, a renowned authority in pteridology, commended Dr Verma’s dedication, stating, “This discovery is a significant addition to the pteridophytic flora of Himachal Pradesh. Dr Verma’s extensive fieldwork and attention to detail have made this possible, and it’s a testament to his expertise in this specialised field of botany.”

Lycopodium japonicum, commonly known as clubmoss, is a seedless vascular plant from the Lycopodiaceae family. Its discovery in Barot is a crucial addition to the state’s flora, as this genus had not been previously recorded in Himachal Pradesh. The cool, humid forests of Barot, nourished by the Uhl river and monsoon rains, provide the ideal environment for this plant. Lycopodium japonicum thrives in shaded, moist conditions, often found on forest floors or rocky slopes in acidic soils. The dense coniferous and mixed forests of Barot provide the perfect microhabitats for this species, making the valley a biodiversity hotspot for pteridophytes.

Ecologically, Lycopodium japonicum plays a vital role in stabilising soil in rocky or disturbed areas and aiding soil formation. Its evergreen, moss-like structure forms ground cover that retains moisture and creates habitats for insects and small organisms. Additionally, it contributes to nutrient cycling, enriching the soil as it decomposes. Sensitive to changes in moisture and temperature, this plant serves as an indicator of ecological health, making it crucial for understanding the impacts of climate change in the region.

The medicinal potential of Lycopodium japonicum is also notable. Clubmosses have been used in traditional medicine across cultures for centuries, and modern research has validated their pharmacological value. Lycopodium species, such as Huperzine A, derived from related species, are used in Alzheimer’s treatment in China. Other compounds found in Lycopodium japonicum exhibit anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, making it valuable for treating infections and inflammation.

Dr Verma plans to continue his research in the region, focusing on the ecological and pharmacological properties of Lycopodium japonicum. He also aims to collaborate with local communities to explore the plant’s ethnobotanical potential, especially in treating various ailments. This discovery not only enriches Himachal Pradesh’s botanical records but also highlights the urgent need for the conservation of the region’s unique ecosystems.

The significant achievement underlines the importance of continued exploration and conservation of the Himalayan region’s biodiversity, ensuring that its ecological and cultural heritage is preserved for future generations.