Punjab Agricultural University’s green cleaning formula aims to cut chemical exposure at home

Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) has rolled out a new line of bioenzyme-based home-care products that promise strong cleaning performance without the health risks linked to conventional chemical cleaners. The formulations target households and professional users looking for safer options after the pandemic triggered an unprecedented spike in chemical disinfectant use.

According to the university, the new handwash, dishwash and liquid detergent rely entirely on organic ingredients, break down easily in the environment and help reduce exposure to irritants commonly found in commercial brands.

At the core of the initiative is PAU’s citrus bioenzyme, originally introduced as PAU EcoSol. This fermented mix of kinnow peels and droppings contains natural enzymes, organic acids and metabolites that lift dirt, loosen grease and even help de-clog drains. The department refined the base to create thicker, more user-friendly variants with improved foaming, key features that earlier limited consumer acceptance of natural cleaners. The products blend soapnut for cleansing, cocoglucoside for mild surfactant action, xanthan gum for viscosity and essential oils for a pleasant scent.

The concerns around excessive exposure to quaternary ammonium compounds, artificial fragrances, alcohol-based disinfectants, and bleach have been mounting. Studies have linked some of these chemicals to respiratory issues, inflammatory responses, weakened mitochondrial activity, and disruptions in cholesterol regulation. Daily use in homes and workplaces places both consumers and cleaning staff at risk. Against this backdrop, PAU’s move fills a gap in the market, especially as systematic research-backed development of enzyme-based cleaners has been largely missing.

Highlighting the wider significance of the effort, PAU Vice-Chancellor Dr Satbir Singh Gosal pointed to the technology’s potential for environmental conservation and rural entrepreneurship. He said converting citrus waste into valuable cleaning agents supports sustainable practices and offered small businesses an affordable manufacturing opportunity.

Another layer of impact comes from the developer behind the formulations. Dr Urmila Gupta, Principal Scientist (REE) and Head, Department of Microbiology, emphasised that the products were created using safe, locally available inputs to provide families with healthier alternatives.

She underlined the benefits of shelf-stable organic cleaner and the contribution this technology can make in reducing chemical load in homes, drains and agricultural systems.

Dr Gupta further explained that the products were optimised for ease of use. A pea-sized amount of handwash is enough for routine cleaning. Twenty millilitres of detergent in 10 litres of water can handle a load of clothes with minimal effort. Five millilitres of dishwash diluted in water tackles everyday utensils, while tough grease can be managed by applying it directly before scrubbing. She noted that the formulations are gentle on skin, fabric and cookware.

With the availability of such products, the households now have access to a biodegradable, paraben-free option that is cost-effective. Bottles are available at the Department of Microbiology in 200 ml, 500 ml, and 1-litre sizes, priced at Rs 60, Rs 130, and Rs 250. The university has opened the technology for commercialisation and is inviting interested entrepreneurs to get in touch for detailed guidance.