World Stroke Day: Early action key to preventing disability, saving lives

Stroke has emerged as one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability in the country, affecting millions each year and increasingly impacting younger adults.

As the world marked World Stroke Day on Wednesday, medical experts urged citizens to act swiftly at the first sign of stroke, echoing this year’s global theme: “Every minute counts.”

Experts warn that without greater public awareness and timely intervention, the burden of stroke will continue to rise, particularly among the younger populations.

A stroke occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted—either due to a blockage or a ruptured blood vessel—preventing oxygen and nutrients from reaching the brain tissue. Within minutes, brain cells begin to die, leading to potentially irreversible damage.

Doctors emphasise that immediate medical attention within the first four and a half hours—often referred to as the “golden window”—is critical to minimise long-term disability.

“The brain loses millions of neurons every minute during a stroke. Acting fast can mean the difference between walking out of the hospital or living with lifelong impairment,” said Dr Vishnu Gupta, additional director of neurosurgery at a private hospital chain.

“While prevention and awareness are vital, reaching a well-equipped facility in time is equally important. With rapid diagnosis, clot-busting treatments and advanced neurosurgical care, we can significantly improve outcomes.”

Traditionally seen as a condition affecting the elderly, stroke is now increasingly being reported in younger adults aged 18 to 45. Rising stress levels, sedentary lifestyles, poor dietary habits, hypertension and smoking are contributing to what specialists’ term young-onset stroke. This trend poses serious social and economic challenges, often leaving young breadwinners with lasting disabilities.

“Stroke doesn’t discriminate by age. It can strike anyone, anytime. But with timely action and a healthy lifestyle, it’s largely preventable,” said Dr Kirat Singh Grewal, a Ludhiana-based neurologist.

Precautionary measures include regular exercise, a balanced diet, managing blood pressure and diabetes, and quitting smoking. Doctors also stress the importance of recognising early symptoms and acting without delay.