Cracking the code with confidence

 The UPSC Essay Paper is often viewed as formidable obstacle in the way of getting a good score. This is due to not only the unpredictability of the topics but also due to the depth and complexity of the themes. To top it all, there’s also no denying that the essay paper can significantly enhance the overall score of the candidate and therefore is an important aspect that can’t be overlooked.

Adding to this equation is that element of an abstract or a philosophical exposition.  Both strategy and mindset have to be honed to ace such an essay, that’s not only cogent, coherent and cohesive; but also, thoughtful, balanced and reflective. As we know, unlike General Studies papers, where the intent is to check the factual knowledge of the candidate, the essay paper considers  clarity of thought, coherence, and effective expression as important as the content. Therefore, understanding the structure and expectations of such type of an essay paper is the first step in approaching it with confidence and clarity. To approach the essay paper with clarity and confidence, it is imperative to ascertain what is the expected outcome. These include: staying closely aligned with the topic, organizing ideas logically and writing concisely.

General Strategy: Planning, Brainstorming, and Structuring

The first step is to understand the topic, as decoding that will help us arrive at our central argument or thesis. For example if the topic is, “Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare,” your essay must explore the various dimensions of innovation and its impact on both economy and society. The next step is to think of all the possible strands and aspects of the topic, as that helps in ensuring a comprehensive and multidimensional approach to the essay. It is a good idea to spend 15-20 minutes on brainstorming. List out all possible dimensions: historical, social, political, ethical, economic, and cultural.

Outlining the Essay

Preparing a rough outline that includes,  introduction, body (with multiple perspectives), and conclusion would help shape up the skeletal structure of the text and help one decide the sequence of arguments and examples. This outline acts as the essay’s signposts, avoiding digressions and repetition. Additionally, it is a good idea to weave in regular practice to flex your- ideating collating and writing muscle, and for this you could write essays on diverse topics, get feedback, and thereby refine your approach. Further, it is recommended that one reads widely—editorials, philosophical texts, and essay sample—to develop a repository of ideas and examples.

Clarity of thought

For clarity of thought the aim should be to minimise confusing and contradictory statements to convey with confidence the main points and stand of the essay. For this, it is best to avoid archaisms, jargon and convoluted sentences and using a simple, direct and powerful language to communicate your ideas. Each paragraph should have a clear topic sentence, and transitions between ideas should be smooth.

Tone and texture

Though personalisation and owing one’s voice is a must yet equally important is maintaining a balanced tone. It is a good idea to showcase multiple viewpoints, as also discuss counterarguments before presenting your thesis. Especially in abstract or philosophical essays, showcasing a nuanced understanding is an important aspect of success.

Making Sense of the Abstract

The challenge often lies in handling abstract themes – in their interpretation and elaboration.  As we know these may be esoteric and are often quotes or open-ended statements. You could start by first decoding the meaning which involves breaking down the statement and interpreting its implications. For example, with a topic like ‘Not all who wander are lost’, discuss the value of self-belief, free spirit and non-conformity, but also acknowledge situations where a compass is mandated.

 Philosophical Essays: Ideation and Execution

Such essays need you to take a comprehensive look at the topic and examine all its strands. It is beneficial to start with a thought-provoking introduction—use a quote, an anecdote, or real-life case study to set an appropriate tone and hook the reader. One must also define key concepts clearly. For instance, if the essay is about ‘Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success’, explain what courage and dedication mean, and how both of these are two sides of a  coin. Draw from both Indian and western philosophical traditions, and connect philosophical ideas to contemporary occurrences with examples, case studies, and even ethical dilemmas to further illustrate your points. One must critically analyze the topic—don’t just state your views but engage with alternate perceptions and complexities.

Lastly it is a great practice to finetune the skill of writing, seeking feedback from peers and mentors. Reading philosophical works, editorials, and previous years’ essays for inspiration. Staying calm and confident—the essay paper is as much about expressing your personality and worldview as it is about knowledge.